Grain loss in harvester-driven fields is heartbreaking

After the summer heat, harvesters roared on the Dongting Lake plain, tractors came and went, and farmers were rushing to harvest early rice.

Yu Zhongyong, chairman of the Chengxin Rice Planting Professional Cooperative in Yueyang County, Hunan Province, looked at the busy farming scene in front of him, but felt a little heartache-many rice ears were often left in the fields passed by the harvester, and the rice was scattered everywhere. He picked up a full ear of rice and sighed: "Mechanization has indeed improved the efficiency of grain harvesting, but the operation is not fine enough, resulting in the loss of a lot of grain."

When reporters interviewed in Hunan, Heilongjiang, Henan and other major grain producing provinces, farmers and farmers generally reflected that the problem of grain loss in the harvest process was still quite prominent.

First, mechanical touching during harvesting caused some losses. "The rolling of the harvester's reel can easily cause the fall of rice at the end of the rice spike, with loss rates ranging from 3% to 5%." Xiang Tieqing, a major grain grower in Hunan Province, told reporters.

Secondly, incomplete threshing will also cause losses. The reporter once interviewed many soybean harvesting sites in Heilongjiang Province and saw that there were some left soybeans in the field. He grabbed a handful of pods on the ground, which were mixed with more than 10 soybeans. It can be seen that the threshing is incomplete. Mao Zhijiang, a villager in Xiaonanhe Village, Raohe County, Heilongjiang Province, said that in the past, manual harvesting resulted in less losses, but now the harvesting progress is fast and the losses have increased significantly.

The loss of machine harvest corn is also obvious. Liu Guoming, a large grain grower in Lanxi County, Heilongjiang Province, has planted more than 5000 mu of corn. He said that the corn kernels are relatively dry and crisp, and it is easy to fall off the corn kernels when harvesting the corn cobs. If the corn falls down, some corn cobs will fall down, further increasing the loss.

Chen Zhi, president of the China Agricultural Machinery Industry Association, believes that at present, my country's agricultural harvesters mainly have two general technical problems: crop loss and damage. The total loss rate and total damage rate of some corn harvesters are as high as 10%. Wula Ping, a scholar at the Agricultural University of China, found that the loss rates of rice and wheat were 3.83 and 4.12, respectively.

"The loss rate in practice is even higher than in theory." Zhu Qizhen, director of the Institute of Farmers' Issues at China Agricultural University, believes that in theory, the loss rate is calculated according to the harvesting conditions, but in reality it is difficult to fully meet the harvesting conditions, such as over-maturity of grain leading to easier shedding, and grain adhesion affecting threshing in rainy days.

There are also losses caused by cost considerations that cannot be ignored. Zhou Bo, a major grain grower in Yuanjiang City, Hunan Province, said: "Rice that is close to maturity is prone to lodging in strong winds. If the lodging is serious, the harvester is difficult to harvest, and the manual harvesting cost is high, so it is often abandoned. The loss rate is sometimes as high as 2% to 30."

On July 16, a large area of fallen rice fields in Yueyang City, Hunan Province. (Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhou Nan)

In addition, the problem of machine harvesting caused by irregular fields also leads to a lot of waste. The land of Ma Wentian's family, a farmer in Puyang County, Henan Province, is located in the Yellow River beach area. The land is irregular and the corners are narrow and cannot be harvested by machine. He said: "When you are free, use a sickle to collect it yourself. If you are too busy, you will leave it alone."

E-mail:

9440670761@qq.com

Phone/WeChat:

+86 13032033030

Address:
Qingliang River Industrial Zone, Qinghe County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province